Research on the Dynamic Response of High-speed Trains under Different Curve Radii Caused by Wind–sand Flow

Document Type : Regular Article

Authors

School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China

10.47176/jafm.17.10.2411

Abstract

To investigate how the curve radius parameter affects the safety of high-speed train operation in a wind–sand environment, researchers used the wind–sand section of the Lanzhou–Urumqi high-speed railway as their research backdrop. The Euler‒Lagrange method was used to discretize the sand particles based on train aerodynamics theory, and the wind–sand flow model of the head–middle–tail three-member formation was established. The accuracy of the model was verified by comparing the data from published papers, and then the train's wind–sand load was calculated and extracted. Subsequently, a dynamic model of a CRH2 train was created, and the dynamic response of the train was estimated by choosing various curve radii and adding wind–sand loads. The results demonstrated that as wind speed increases, the forces acting on the train due to wind rise. Due to the different shapes and positions of the carriages, the wind–sand load on each car differs; the middle car is subjected to greater lift, lateral force, and overturning moment, as well as lower resistance, nodding moment, and head shaking moment, while the head and tail cars move in the opposite direction and, as a whole, are exposed more adverse forces. The study found that when the curve radius increased from 7000 to 9000 m, the derailment coefficient and wheel-rail lateral force are reduced by approximately 29%~32%, along with an approximately 20%~23% decrease in the wheel load reduction rate. When the radius reaches 10000 m, there is a decrease in the derailment coefficient and wheel-rail lateral force of approximately 5%~8%, as well as a reduction in the wheel weight load reduction rate of approximately 3%~6%.It has been concluded that increasing the curve radius can significantly reduce the safety indices in the wind-blown sand environment, thus improving operational safety. However, it should be noted that a radius of 8000~9000 m is appropriate, and the effect of further increase is not obvious. The results of this study can provide certain guidance for the selection of curve radius and the evaluation of the operational safety of high-speed trains in windy–sandy areas.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Adamu, A., Zhang, J., Gidado, F., & Wang, F. (2022). An investigation of influence of windshield configuration and train length on high-speed train aerodynamic performance. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 16(2), 337-352. https://doi.org/10.47176/JAFM.16.02.1433
Andersson, E., Nilstam, N. G., & Ohlsson, L. (1996). Lateral track forces at high speed curving comparisons of practical and theoretical results of Swedish high speed train x2000. Vehicle System Dynamics, 25(S1), 37-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423119608969186
Baker, C., Cheli, F., Orellano, A., Paradot, N., Proppe, C., & Rocchi, D. (2009). Cross-wind effects on road and rail vehicles. Vehicle System Dynamics, 47(8), 983-1022. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423110903078794
Bergstrom, D. J., Boucher, K. M., & Derksen, D. (1992). Wind flow over an elevated roadway. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 44(1-3), 2697-2698. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-81688-7.50017-6
Bruno, L., Horvat, M., & Raffaele, L. (2018). Windblown sand along railway infrastructures: A review of challenges and mitigation measures. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 177, 340-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.04.021
Chang, C., Li, T., Qin, D., & Zhang, J. (2021). On the scale size of the aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 15(1), 209-219. https://doi.org/10.47176/JAFM.15.01.33041
Cheng, J. J., & Xue, C. X. (2014). The sand-damage–prevention engineering system for the railway in the desert region of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 125, 30-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.11.016
Deng, E., Yang, W., He, X., Zhu, Z., Wang, H., Wang, Y., ... & Zhou, L. (2021a). Aerodynamic response of high-speed trains under crosswind in a bridge-tunnel section with or without a wind barrier. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 210, 104502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104502
Deng, G., Ma, W., Peng, Y., Wang, S., Yao, S., & Peng, S. (2021b). Experimental study on laminated glass responses of high-speed trains subject to windblown sand particles loading. Construction and Building Materials, 300, 124332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124332
Du, J., Yang, M., Zhang, L., Wu, F., & Huang, W. (2020). Numerical simulation of aerodynamics of train with broken windows. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 13(5), 1443-1452. https://doi.org/10.36884/jafm.13.05.30951
Feng, L. C., & Lu, J. Q. (1994). Summary of railway sand damage control in sandy areas of China. Journal of Desert Research, 14(3), 7. http://www.desert.ac.cn/CN/Y1994/V14/I2/47
Gao, Y., Zhang, W. M., Tan, L. H. (2018). Geomorphologic mapping of wind-blown sand and causes of wind-blown sand disaster in Tieyandun gale area of Lanxin high-speed. Journal of Desert Research, 38(03), 500-507. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00070
Hemida, H., Krajnovic, S., & Davidson, L. (2005, June). Large-eddy simulation of the flow around a simplified high speed train under the influence of a cross-wind. 17th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference (p. 5354). https://www.tfd.chalmers.se/~lada/postscript_files/hassan_2005_5354.pdf
Jiang, F. Q., Li, Y., Li, K. C. (2010). Study on structural characteristics of wind-blown sand flow in Baili wind area of Lanzhou-Xin Railway. Journal of Railway Science, 32(3), 6. http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2010.03.019
Jiang, P., Pan, X. M., Xue, J. M., & Sha, Y. P. (2020). Comparative analysis of wind characteristics in the strongest wind area along Xinjiang railway. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 36(5), 7. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2020.05.009
Khier, W., Breuer, M., & Durst, F. (2000). Flow structure around trains under side wind conditions: a numerical study. Computers & Fluids, 29(2), 179-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7930(99)00008-0
Krajnović, S., Ringqvist, P., Nakade, K., & Basara, B. (2012). Large eddy simulation of the flow around a simplified train moving through a crosswind flow. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 110, 86-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.07.001
Li, K., Jiang, F., Xue, C., Yang, Y. & Ge, S. (2010). Analysis on the characteristics of Gobi wind sand flow in Xijianfang section of Lanzhou-Xin Railway. Journal of Railway Engineering, (3), 4. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-2106.2010.03.004
Li, R. (2016). Study on adaptability of passenger trains with constant speed running on Lanzhou-New Passenger dedicated line. Railway Transportation and Economy, 38(5), 5. https://doi.org/10.16668/j.cnki.issn.1003-1421.2016.05.06
Li, T. (2012). Research on fluid-structure coupling calculation method and dynamic performance of high-speed train [Ph.D. thesis, Southwest Jiaotong University]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CDFD1214&filename =1013106871.nh
Li, T., Zhang, J. Y., & Zhang, W. H. (2012a). Joint simulation of fluid-structure coupling dynamics of high-speed train under cross wind. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 25(2), 8. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-4523.2012.02.006
Li, T., Zhang, J. Y., & Zhang, W. H. (2012b). Safety analysis of high-speed train operation under sandstorm environment. Sichuan Mechanics Society annual conference. http://106.37.81.211:8082/images/sjsimages/pdf/hy/h074421/pdf/H074421002.pdf
Li, T., Zhang, J. Y., Li, Z. J., & Zhang, W. H. (2012c). Co-simulation on fluid-structure interaction of high-speed train based on Fluent and Simpack. Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics, 29(5), 675-680. http://www.cqvip.com/qk/94820a/201205/43665665.html
Liu, D., Wang, Q., Zhong, M., Lu, Z., Wang, J., Wang, T., & Lv, S. (2019). Effect of wind speed variation on the dynamics of a high-speed train. Vehicle System Dynamics, 57(2), 247-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2018.1459749
Liu, D., Wang, T., Liang, X., Meng, S., Zhong, M., & Lu, Z. (2020). High-speed train overturning safety under varying wind speed conditions. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 198, 104111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104111
Liu, J., Yu, M., Zhang, J. & Zhang, W. (2011). Research on safety of high-speed train running in cross wind based on large eddy simulation. Journal of Railway Science, 33(4), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2011.04.003
Meng, X. L., Li, K., Xie, S. B. (2018). Strong wind environmental characteristics and countermeasures according to engineering divisions along a high-speed railway. Journal of Desert Research, 38(5), 972-977. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00063
Montenegro, P. A., Ribeiro, D., Ortega, M., Millanes, F., Goicolea, J. M., Zhai, W., & Calçada, R. (2022). Impact of the train-track-bridge system characteristics in the runnability of high-speed trains against crosswinds-Part II: Riding comfort. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 224, 104987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2022.104987
Niu, B., Tan, L., Zhang, X. J., Qu, J., An, Z., Wang, J., & Li, K. (2020). Targeted control of sand hazards for a railway in extremely arid regions using fingerprinting approaches. Geomorphology, 361, 107189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107189
Noguchi, Y., Suzuki, M., Baker, C., & Nakade, K. (2019). Numerical and experimental study on the aerodynamic force coefficients of railway vehicles on an embankment in crosswind. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 184, 90-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.11.019
Paz, C., Suárez, E., Gil, C., & Concheiro, M. (2015). Numerical study of the impact of windblown sand particles on a high-speed train. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 145, 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.06.008
Sharratt, B. S., & Vaddella, V. (2014). Threshold friction velocity of crusted windblown soils in the Columbia Plateau. Aeolian Research, 15, 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2014.08.002
Srivastava, S., Sivasankar, G., & Dua, G. (2022). A review of research into aerodynamic concepts for high speed trains in tunnels and open air and the air-tightness requirements for passenger comfort. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 236(9), 1011-1025. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544097211072973
Sun, S. F., & Zhang, G. X. (2019). Characteristics of near-formation vertical wind shear index in the Baili wind region of Xinjiang. Journal of Desert and Oasis Meteorology, 13(3), 6. https://doi.org/10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2019.03.014
Suzuki, M., Tanemoto, K., & Maeda, T. (2003). Aerodynamic characteristics of train/vehicles under cross winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 91(1-2), 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00346-X
Wang, J., Liu, D., Gao, G., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2019). Numerical investigation of the effects of sand collision on the aerodynamic behaviour of a high-speed train subjected to yaw angles. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 12(2), 379-389. https://doi.org/10.29252/jafm.12.02.28788
Wang, M., Li, X. Z., Xiao, J., Zou, Q. Y., & Sha, H. Q. (2018). An experimental analysis of the aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train on a bridge under crosswinds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 177, 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.03.021
Woldman, M., van der Heide, E., Schipper, D. J., Tinga, T., & Masen, M. A. (2012). Investigating the influence of sand particle properties on abrasive wear behaviour. Wear, 294, 419-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2012.07.017
Wu, J. J, Sun, H. Q., & He, L. H. (2010). Study on influencing factors of starting wind speed of sand grains. Journal of Desert Research, 30(4), 743-748. http://www.desert.ac.cn/CN/Y2010/V30/I4/743
Wu, Z., & Cao, Y. (2015). Numerical simulation of flow over an airfoil in heavy rain via a two-way coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian approach. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 69, 81-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2014.11.006
Xi, Y. (2012). Research on aerodynamic characteristics and operating safety of high-speed trains under cross wind [PhD thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname= CDFD1214&filename=1012318704.nh
Xiao, J. H., Yao, Z. Y., Qu, J. J., & Jiang, F. F. (2016). Characteristics and formation mechanism of extreme wind conditions in Baili wind area of Lanzhou-Xin Railway. Chinese Railway Science, 37(3), 130-137. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-4632.2016.03.19
Xiong, H. B., Yu, W. G., Chen, D. W., & Shao, X. M. (2011). Numerical study on the aerodynamic performance and safe running of high-speed trains in sandstorms. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A, 12(12), 971-978. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A11GT005
You, W., Kwon, H., Park, J., & Shin, Y. (2018). Effect of wind gusts on the dynamics of railway vehicles running on a curved track. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 232(4), 1103-1120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954409717708924
Yu, M., Liu, J., Li, T. & Zhang, Q. (2021). Safety characteristics of high-speed train operation under strong wind and rain environment. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 57(20), 172-180. https://doi.org/10.3901/JME.2021.20.172
Zhang, J., Gao, G. J., Liu, T. H., & Li, Z. W. (2015). Crosswind stability of high-speed trains in special cuts. Journal of Central South University, 22(7), 2849-2856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-015-2817-y
Zhang, J., Gao, G., Liu, T., & Li, Z. (2017a). Shape optimization of a kind of earth embankment type windbreak wall along the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 10(4), 1189-1200. https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.JAFM.73.241.27353
Zhang, J., He, K., Wang, J., Liu, T., Liang, X., & Gao, G. (2019a). Numerical simulation of flow around a high-speed train subjected to different windbreak walls and yaw angles. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 12(4), 1137-1149. https://doi.org/10.29252/JAFM.12.04.29484
Zhang, J., He, K., Xiong, X., Wang, J., & Gao, G. (2017b). Numerical simulation with a DES approach for a high-speed train subjected to the crosswind. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 10(5), 1329-1342. https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.JAFM.73.242.27566
Zhang, K. C., Qu, J. J., Yu, Y. P. (2019b). Research progress of railway wind-blown sand control in China. Advances in Earth Science, (06), 573-583. https://doi.org/10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.06.0573
Zhang, Z., Pan, K., Zhang, Y., & Han, L. (2023). Sand transport characteristics above gobi surface during a dust storm in northern china. Journal of Desert Research, 43(2), 130-138. http://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00096
 
 
Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics
Volume 17, Issue 10 - Serial Number 90
October 2024
Pages 2266-2281

Files

History

  • Received: 07 November 2023
  • Revised: 15 April 2024
  • Accepted: 28 April 2024
  • Available online: 31 July 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics